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Kemampuan pengolahan topografi merupakan salah satu kompetensi yang harus dipunyai oleh seorang mahasiswa yang mengikuti Mata Kuliah Perancangan Tapak di Jurusan Arsitektur FTUP. Materi kuliah ini dilakukan selama 10 kali dari 28. Metode kognitif-kontruktivistik merupakan metode pembelajaran yang dianggap tepat dan sesuai dengan taksonomi Bloom yang dianut FTUP untuk mengukur tingkat kompetensi mahasiswa. Dengan metode ini mahasiswa dibimbing untuk mengasah keterampilan dalam mengatur dan mengontrol proses berpikir, dimana meliputi keterampilan pemecahan masalah, pengambilan keputusan, keterampilan berpikir kritis, dan keterampilan berpikir kreatif.

Railways play a significant role in daily life, offering speed, safety and massive capacity for
delivering people from one place to another. However, developing countries such as Indonesia
are currently encountering problems related to Operation and Maintenance (OM) contracts.
Railway operators are mostly experiencing a negative rate of return when operations depend
only on farebox revenue. Thus, an alternative approach that includes government involvement
should be instigated to improve project performance. This research aims to evaluate the contract
agreement between the state, in the form of the Ministry of Transportation, and business entities
in the operation and maintenance phase. The Makassar–Parepare railway section on Sulawesi
Island is used as a case study. The study uses a combination of qualitative and quantitative
approaches that follow three stages: assessing the initial design; generating an alternative OM
scheme; and propose a suitable OM scheme. The results indicate five components that should
be considered when developing an OM contract, namely the tariff, risk, feasibility, subsidy and
period of the contract. The study recommends a five-year contract for operation and
maintenance, and the government should assign a business entity to manage available assets in
the project.