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Abstract: The objective of this research is to determine in vitro and in vivo antiplasmodial activities of G. parvifolia(Miq) Miqleaves. Methods: in vitro antiplasmodial test by microscopic and Malaria SYBR Green I-based Fluorescence (MSF) assay is indicated by the value of IC50; meanwhile, in vivo antiplasmodial assay used suppression method for 4 hours in P.berghei-infected mice. Leaves of G. parvifolia(Miq)Miq were extracted by means of chloroform and methanol solvent, and then the anti-plasmodium activity is tested in vitro by means of microscopic and Malaria SYBR Green I-based Fluorescence (MSF) methods. Results: In microscopic method, the value of IC50 was obtained from chloroform extract i.e. 33.17 μg/mL in D6 strain and 0.55 μg/mL in W2 strain. In Malaria SYBR Green I-based Fluorescence (MSF) method, the IC50 value was obtained from methanol extract i.e. 48.00μg/mL in D6 strain and 56.37μg/mL in W2 strain. In vivo assay found that chloroform extract had an ED50 value of 156.22mg/kgBW, stronger than that of methanol extract with an ED50 value of 412.92mg/kgBW. Conclusions: The study concludes that chloroform and methanol extracts of G. parvifolia(Miq) Miq leaves have anti-plasmodium activity against P. falcifarum culture of D6 strain, W2 strain on microscopic and Malaria SYBR Green I-based Fluorescence (MSF) methods just like in vivo assay in P. berghei-infected mice does. The assay found that chloroform extract has stronger anti-plasmodial activity than methanol extract. Keywords: G. parvifolia (Miq)Miq leaves, in vivo antiplasmodial activity, in vitro antiplasmodial activity

Secara empiris lada hitam (Piperis nigri fructus) digunakan untuk menghilangkan kelelahan,meningkatkan stamina atau stimulansia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek stimulansia dari infus lada hitam pada mencit jantan galur DDY menggunakan metode renang dan metode rotarod.

Penelitian dilakukan pada 30 ekor mencit jantan yang dibagi dalam lima kelompok, yaitu kelompok kontrol negatif (akuades), kelompok uji 0,32 mg/20 g bb, kelompok uji 0,65 mg/20 g bb, dan 1,3 mg/20 g bb, kelompok kontrol positif kafein 0,36 mg/20 g bb. Infus lada hitam diberikan ke mencit secara oral dan 60 menit kemudian dilakukan uji ketahanan berenang dan uji rotarod. Data yang diamati adalah durasi ketahanan berenang dan durasi ketahanan mencit di atas rotarod. Hasil analisis Kruskal- Wallis menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaaan bermakna antara kelompok uji dengan kontrol negatif. Kelompok uji 0,32 mg/20g bb menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan bermakna dengan kontrol positif kafein, sedangkan dosis 0,65 mg/20 g bb dan 1,3 mg/20 g bb menunjukkan efek stimulansia yang berbeda bermakna (p<0,05) dengan kontrol positif kafein. Penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa pemberian infus lada hitam 0,32 mg/20 g bb memiliki efek yang sama dengan kafein, sedangkan dosis 0,65 mg/20 g bb dan 1,3 mg/20 g bb mempunyai efek stimulansia lebih kuat dari pada kafein.

Kata kunci: lada hitam, Piperis nigri, stimulansia, mencit, daya tahan, berenang, rotarod.

Quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) analysis has been done on derivative compounds of apigenin. Apigenin is one of

flavonoid group compound that potensial as antioxidant. QSAR analysis was begun by modelling the structures of compounds and

calculating the descriptors of QSAR using hyperchem software with semiempiric Austin Model 1 (AM 1) method. Determination of

QSAR equation has done using multilinier regression analysis method on one of the statistical data processing software. Of the 18 QSAR

equation models, based on the value of R, R2, SE and F obtained 4 QSAR equation models that qualified. The best QSAR equation model

determined through the process of validation of the test set compound. The validation result showed that the best QSAR equation model

of the following equation:

–log IC50 = 10.035 + (0.997 HOMO energy) + (2.134 LUMO energy) + (-0.045 hidration energy) +

(-0.056 log P) + (-0.341 Dipole) + (-3.552 atomic charge of C5) + (4.138 atomic charge of C5’)

The calculation result of predicted IC50 on 91 apigenin derivatives compounds obtained 50 compounds that were predicted has better

biological activity as antioxidant than apigenin and the compound 3,3',6-triamine apigenin is a compound with the smallest predicted IC50

value.

Keywords: QSAR, Apigenin, Semiempiric, Austin Model 1.

ABSTRAK

Mesin roll bending pipa biasa digunakan dalam industri untuk membengkokkan pipa menjadi bentuk yang diinginkan, kekurangan dari alat yang sudah ada yaitu alatnya masih digerakkan secara manual, dengan demikian agar proses bending pipa mendapatkan hasil yang maksimal, diperlukan penyempurnaan pada beberapa mekanisme, yaitu dengan memakai motor untuk menggerakkan alat secara otomatis, agar mempermudah proses pembuatan atau pengerjaan pipa dalam bentuk setengah lingkaran ataupun lingkaran penuh.

Laporan tugas akhir ini berisikan tentang proses pembuatan mesin roll bending pipa model vertikal dengan jenis pipa stainless Steel diameter ¾ inci, yang langkah pembuatannya menggunakan OPC (Operation Procedure Chart) dan SOP (Standart Operation Procedure).

Mesin roll bending pipa yang dibuat memiliki dimensi panjang 710 mm, lebar 510 mm, tinggi 900 mm. Mesin roll bending pipa ini telah berhasil dibuat, semua komponen apabila diuji semua dapat berfungsi. Tetapi masih memiliki kekurangan. Dikarenakan tekanan yang begitu besar pada pipa stainless Steel yaitu 295,87 kg berakibat pada handle ulir penekan tidak mampu memberi tekanan dan ulir pada handle habis/dol.

Kata kunci : Roll Bending Pipa, Vertikal, pembuatan

The production process with the help of the machine can accelerate human performance in doing the activities. In this design will redesign back rice milling existing become simpler but does not reduce the performance / reliability of the machine itself, so that prices can be minimized and can be easily owned by farmers. This gives an idea to improve the work system in order to get the perfection of the production system.

By utilizing the motor rotation can move the rubber roll skinner grain, so grain leather cracking process can be carried out perfectly through the spacing gap between the rubber roll. One alternative that should be done is to improve the tools or machines used previously.

Based on the results of this re-design provides convenience in the milling process of paddy farmers in household size and capable of producing rice with a capacity of 25 kg / h